Learn about the types of geology the Yukon Geological Survey studies

Beneath the Earth's surface lies bedrock. It's made up of hard rock that is exposed or buried.

Our geologists continue to refine our understanding of the Yukon’s bedrock. We map the Yukon's geology in detail and conduct studies on bedrock units to determine:

• what minerals they are made of; and
• their age.

  
Our studies help to:

• identify the Yukon’s natural resources such as
  • minerals;
  • hydrocarbons; and
  • geothermal energy;
• evaluate potential geological hazards; and
• advance our understanding of the natural history of northwestern North America.

  
View maps of the Yukon’s:

• bedrock geology; and
• terranes.

  
For more information on bedrock geology, contact [email protected].

Surficial geology is the study of unconsolidated sediments such as:

• gravel;
• sand;
• silt; and
• clay.

  
These sediments were deposited 2.6 million years ago during the Quaternary period. They form the foundation on which we live our lives.

Our geologists map, describe and interpret the origin and evolution of surficial sediments.

Processes that change surficial deposits include:

• water;
• glaciers;
• wind;
• gravity; and
• climate.

  
Our projects have many uses. These include:

• landscape hazards (permafrost and landslides) for public safety;
• aggregate distribution for construction;
• sediment genesis for mineral exploration;
• soil properties;
• valley evolution for understanding placer gold deposits; and
• the history of glaciers and how they relate to the paleoclimate.

  
The surficial geology group:

• engages with the public; and
• takes on external research opportunities through collaborative projects with:
  • Yukon College;
  • universities; and
  • graduate students.

  
For more information on surficial geology, contact [email protected].

Our geologists study rocks that have the potential to provide energy for the Yukon. We look for:

• oil;
• gas; and
• geothermal energy.

  
Oil and gas are found in sedimentary rocks. Known oil and gas resources are located in northern and southeast Yukon.

Geothermal heat is found in different types of rocks. Early research shows Southern Yukon may hold enough heat to become a useful source of energy. Geothermal heat is a renewable resource and can:

• directly heat buildings; and
• in some cases, produce electricity.

  
For more information on energy geology, contact [email protected].